Introduction

Chapter 1: Introduction to Machining with Lasers

Chapter 2: Time Scales

Chapter 3: Machining with Long Pulses

Chapter 4: Nanosecond Machined Samples

Chapter 5: Machining with Ultrafast Laser Pulses

Chapter 6: Femtosecond Machined Samples

Chapter 7: Contamination, Debris, Etc.

Chapter 8: Heat Affected Zone (HAZ)

Chapter 9: Machining Accuracy

Chapter 10: Sub-micron Features

Chapter 11: Machining Inside Bulk Materials

Chapter 12: Introduction to Waveguides

Chapter 13: Active Waveguides

Chapter 14: Shortcomings of Femtosecond Lasers

Chapter 15: Materials We've Machined

Chapter 16: Conclusion

Appendices: References and Glossary

Heat Effective Zone (HAZ)

Figure 8-1: Slag formed in the heat affected zone (HAZ) during a long-pulse micromachining process.

The machining process (i.e. changing hard solid matter into an expanding plasma), is so rapid that there is little time for heat to diffuse away from the focal spot.

Heating of the surrounding area is significantly reduced and consequently all the negatives associated with a heat-affacted zone are no longer present. No melt zone. No microcracks. No shock wave that can delaminate multilayer materials. No stress that can damage adjacent structures, and no recast layer.